🔬 Physics Lab Essentials

Understand the key building blocks of physics! Here are simplified explanations of some of the most important topics you’ll study.

• Newton's Laws of Motion

  Three fundamental laws that describe the relationship between a body and the forces acting upon it.

  • 1st Law (Inertia): A body remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by a force.
  • 2nd Law: Force = Mass × Acceleration (F = ma).
  • 3rd Law: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

• Work, Energy & Power

  Core concepts that describe how force causes movement and how energy is transferred.

  Work: Force × Distance (in direction of force). Unit: Joule (J)

  Kinetic Energy: (1/2)mv²   Potential Energy: mgh

  Power: Work / Time. Unit: Watt (W)

• Electricity Basics

  Fundamentals of electric charge, current, voltage, resistance, and power.

  • Current (I): Flow of electrons. Unit: Ampere (A)
  • Voltage (V): Electrical potential difference
  • Resistance (R): Opposition to current. Ohm’s Law: V = IR
  • Power (P): P = VI

• Waves & Sound

  Study of periodic oscillations that transport energy through space or matter.

  Wave Types: Transverse (light), Longitudinal (sound)

  Speed: v = f × λ (velocity = frequency × wavelength)

  Sound: Mechanical wave that requires a medium to travel.

• Units & Measurement

  SI Units used for accurate scientific calculations and experiments.

  • Length: meter (m)
  • Mass: kilogram (kg)
  • Time: second (s)
  • Temperature: kelvin (K)

  Always use SI units when solving physics problems unless specified otherwise.